Kukwira kwemutengo wePOE zvakare?

Seimwe yezvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzirisa, simba iri harina mubvunzo kuti rinopa makambani ekugadzirisa matambudziko. Simba nekusimba zviratidzo zviviri zvakakosha zvekushanda kwemuchina, saka kugadzirisa purasitiki kwave kuri nzira huru yekuchinja purasitiki, uye mazuva ano Simba nekusimba zviratidzo zviviri zvakakosha zvekushanda kwemuchina, saka kugadzirisa purasitiki kwave kuri nzira huru yekuchinja purasitiki, uye mazuva ano nekuwedzera chinhu chinosimbisa kuchiri nzira yakatwasuka uye inoshanda yekusimbisa zvinhu.

Saka pamusoro pekushandisa elastomer toughening, ndedzipi dzimwe sarudzo? Nhasi ndiri kuenda newe kuti uronge, kugadzirisa toughening ndeapi mazano anobatsira.

Mishonga yekusimbisa inoshandiswa kazhinji inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: mishonga yekusimbisa inoshanda uye mishonga yekusimbisa isingashande. Ndiwo ane macheni ane mamorekuru ane mapoka anoshanda anogona kuita ne matrix resin, ayo anogona kuumba network structure uye kuwedzera chikamu cheNon-reactive tougheners iboka remishonga yekusimbisa inoshanda zvakanaka nebase resin, asi isingabatanidzwe. Non-reactive tougheners iboka remishonga yekusimbisa inoshanda zvakanaka nebase resin, asi isingabatanidzwe mumakemikari reaction.

Zvinhu zvekusimbisa zveElastomeric

Zvinenge zvinhu zvese zvinochinjika zvinogona kushandiswa sezvinhu zvinosimbisa zvinhu zvinoputsika, chinhu chikuru ndechekuenderana pakati pezvikamu zvakawanda, kungova nehurongwa hwakanaka hwekusimbisa hunoenderana kuti uwane chinangwa chekusimbisa chinodiwa, uye zvikasadaro hazvina zvazvinobatsira. Zvishandiso zvinonyatso shandiswa zve elastomeric zvinopatsanurwa zvichienderana nekupisa kwadzo kwegirazi kwakakwira kana kwakaderera.

(1) Resin inodzivirira simba zvakanyanya
Zvakadai se chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS), acrylate copolymer (ACR), styrene-butadiene block copolymer (SBS), hydrogenated SBS (SEBS), POE, EVA, nezvimwewo.
(2) Rabha inodzivirira simba rayo zvakanyanya
Zvakadai se ethylene propylene rabha (EPR), EPDM, NBR, NR, SBR, BR, CR, nezvimwewo.
Pamusoro pezvo, kana TPU ikashandiswa semushonga wekusimbisa PA66, simba re PA66/TPU composite rinovandudzika zvakanyanya, uye hunhu hwekudhonza hwemushonga hunodzikira zvishoma. Hunhu hwemuchina hunosvika pakanakisa kana huwandu hwekuwedzera hweTPU huri 5%. Kupenya kwakaderera ne50%, zvichiratidza kuti sisitimu ine simba rekusimbisa PA66.

Kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nechimiro chemukati che elastomer.

(1) Kirasi ye elastomer yakatarwa kare
Idzi ipolymer dzakarongwa negoko guru, dzine core yakapfava ye elastomer uye polymer ine girazi rinoshanduka pakupisa kwakanyanya. Dzakadai seMBS, ACS, MABS, nezvimwewo.
(2) Kirasi ye elastomer isina kusarudzwa kare
I polymer chaiyo, uye kugadziriswa kwayo kwemhedzisiro kunogadziriswa nemaitiro ekuita solvent, akadai seCPE, EVA, nezvimwewo.
(3) Kirasi ye elastomer yekuchinja

Chimiro chacho chiri pakati pe elastomer yakatarwa neisina kutsanangurwa, senge ABS, nezvimwewo.

Zvinhu zvakasimba zvakasimba

Zvinhu zvinosimbisa zvakasimba zvisina organic (RIF), zvinonyanya kuita zvinhu zvinosimbisa zvisinganyatsoonekwi zvakanaka uye zvinhu zvinosimbisa zvakakosha.

Chinozadza chisina kusimba zvakanyanya (Ultra-fine inorganic filler) chinoreva saizi yezvikamu zviri pakati pe0.1-5μm, mhedzisiro yekuchinja kwechinhu chakadaro chinozadza nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwechizora, sisitimu yekusanganisa simba rekudhonza uye simba rekukanganisa inoderera zvakanaka, isina kuchinja kana kuwedzera zvishoma, nepo zvimwe zvinhu zvichiramba zvichikwira.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuzadza zvinosanganisira super fibers (CF), needle/sphere fillers, alkaline earth metal salts uye rare earth minerals, nezvimwewo.

Mafiber epamusoro-soro akadai semafiber ecarbon, boron fibers, quartz fibers, organic fibers, carbon nanotubes uye ndebvu dzakasiyana-siyana. Kupararira kwemafiber epamusoro-soro mumapolymers kunofanirwa kuitwa nenzira dzakanyatsojeka uye dzakanangana.

Chinozadza chakaita setsono chakaita sewollastonite, chine simba rekusimbisa.

Kazhinji, inorapwa ne silane coupling agent kana compound coupling agent kwemaminitsi gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu pa50-80℃, uye huwandu hwekuwedzera hunokurudzirwa 10-15%. Wollastonite isina kurapwa haina simba rekusimbisa.
Zvizadza zvesimbi zvinosanganisira magirazi madiki, magirazi madiki, mawollastonite, mapurasitiki, mabhora eceramic, nezvimwewo.

Munyu wesimbi yealkaline unonyanya kusanganisira barium sulfate, huwandu hwekuzadza hwakasiyana-siyana, simba rekukanganisa rezvinhu zvinozadza rine mwero wakasiyana wekuvandudza, kana zvawedzerwa neanenge 60%, simba rekukanganisa rinosvika pakakwirira.
Zvicherwa zveRare-earth zvinonyanya kuve ma rare-earth oxides, alkyl rare-earth compounds uye rare-earth salts, zvakaita serubidium oxide necerium fluoride. Maitiro ekusimbisa erare earth minerals anowanzoenderana ne nucleation yawo, kureva kuti rare earths anoshandiswa se nucleating agents kuvandudza chimiro che crystalline che toughening system uye kuzadzisa chinangwa che toughening. Anonyanya kushandiswa mu toughening ye crystalline polymers, senge PP, PA, POM, nezvimwewo.

(2) Zvinhu zvakasimba zveOrganic (ROF)
Zvakaita sePMMA, PP, PS, MMA/S uye SAN, nezvimwewo. Nebasa rekusimbisa nekusimbisa, mhedzisiro yekusimbisa nekusimbisa ndeyekufananidzira.

Musimboti wekusimbisa
Kana chinhu chepolymer chikakanganiswa kana chinhu chacho chakuvara (kuputsika), kukura kwekusimba kwacho kunoenderana nehukuru hwesimba rekukanganiswa rinotorwa nechinhu chacho uye kugona kwacho kuramba kupararira kwetsanga. Saka zvinhu zvinosimbisa uye matrix zvinoita sei basa mukusimbisa mapolymer?

1. Maitiro ekusimbisa elastomer

Elastomer inonwisa simba zvakananga, kana sampuli yakanganiswa inoburitsa zvidimbu zvidiki, kana zvidimbu zverabha zvikapararira kumativi ese emuparara, muparara unodiwa kuti ukure unofanira kutambanudza nzira yerabha, maitiro ekuchinja rabha kuti inwe simba rakawanda, nokudaro zvichiwedzera simba remuparara wepurasitiki.

2. Dzidziso yezvibereko

Simba guru remarabha rakabatidzwa rinobva pakuchinja kwe resin yematrix, uye chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kuwedzera kwekushisa kwacho kwakawedzera, chiyero cherabha chaPoisson chakakura kupfuura chepurasitiki, uye nhanho yekutonhora mukugadzirwa kwe contraction ye thermal uye deformation ye transverse contraction ye hydrostatic tension stress, zvichiita kuti matrix resin free volume iwedzere, zvichiita kuti girazi riwedzere kupisa, purasitiki iwedzere kusimba uye iwedzere kusimba. Zviri nyore kugadzira deformation yepurasitiki uye kuvandudza kusimba kwayo. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinokonzerwa ne stress concentration ye rabha particles.

3. Dzidziso yepakati pemapundu

Magirafu erabha anoshanda senzvimbo dzekuisa pfungwa pakumanikidzwa, zvichigadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwematsemuka madiki panzvimbo pematsemuka mashoma makuru, uye zvinoda simba rakawanda kuti matsemuka madiki akawanda awedzere pane kuwedzera mashoma makuru. Panguva imwe chete, nzvimbo dzekumanikidzwa dzematsemuka madiki akawanda dzinopindirana, zvichideredza kushushikana kunotungamira pakukura kwematsemuka, izvo, zvinozononotsa kukura kwematsemuka uye zvinotungamira kumagumo kwematsemuka.

4. Dzidziso yemhando yesirivha yakawanda

Nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwezvimedu zverabha mupurasitiki yakasimba, huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinosimbisa pfungwa hunokonzera huwandu hwakawanda hwemapatani esirivha, izvo zvinogona kuparadza simba rakawanda. Zvimedu zverabha zvakare zvinogumisa mitsetse yesirivha, uye zvimedu zvidiki hazvigone kugumisa mitsetse yesirivha.

5. Dzidziso yebhandi resirivha rine mitsetse yakachekwa

Iyi idzidziso inokosha inogamuchirwa muindasitiri. Kuedza kwakawanda kwakaratidza kuti nzira yekuchinja polymer ine maitiro maviri: imwe ndeye shear deformation process uye imwe ndeye silver rippling process. Maitiro ekucheka anosanganisira zvese diffuse shear yield deformation uye kuumbwa kwe local shear bands. Kucheka shear kunongova shanduko muchimiro chechinhu, simba rekubatana pakati pemamorekuru nehuremu hwechinhu harina kuchinja zvachose. Nzira yekucheka sirivha, kune rumwe rutivi, inoita kuti huremu hwechinhu huderere zvakanyanya. Kune rumwe rutivi, kune makomba mumuviri wesirivha, zvichiratidza kuti sirivha grainization yakakonzera kukuvara kwakati kune chinhu, izvo zvinotungamira kukuvara kwe sub-microscopic fracture; kune rumwe rutivi, sirivha grain inoshandisa simba rakawanda mukuumbwa nekukura, izvo zvinodzivisa kuwedzera kwemitswe uye zvinovandudza kuoma kwezvinhu, inova imwe yenzira dzekugadzira polymer toughening. Saka, kunzwisisa kwakarurama kwechinhu chesirivha chinonzi striation ndicho chinhu chikuru chekunzwisisa maitiro ekuchinja nekupwanyika kwezvinhu zvepolymer, uye ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzira mapurasitiki akagadziriswa pamwe chete, kunyanya mapurasitiki akaomarara.

6. Dzidziso yeCavitation

Dzidziso yeCavitation inoreva chiitiko checavitation mukati mezvimedu zverabha kana pachikamu cheinterface pakati pezvimedu zverabha ne substrate pasi pechiito chekumanikidzwa kwetatu-dimensional mukuita kwekupisa kwakaderera kana kushanduka kwekukurumidza. Dzidziso yekuti: purasitiki yakagadziriswa nerabha pasi pechiito chemasimba ekunze, zvimedu zverabha zvinopararira nekuda kwekumanikidzwa, zvichikonzera kuti interface pakati perabha ne matrix uye pachayo ibudise cavitation, kana zvimedu zverabha zvavharwa, hydrostatic tension stress yakatenderedza rabha inoburitswa, stress state ye thin matrix ligament iri pakati pemakomba, kubva pa three-dimensional kusvika kune one-dimensional, uye plane strain ichipinda mu plane stress, uye iyi stress state itsva inobatsira pakuumbwa kwe shear band. Saka, cavitation pachayo haigone kuve shanduko yakaoma yezvinhu; inongotungamira kuchinjo mu stress state yezvinhu, iyo inokonzera shear bearing, inodzivirira kuwedzera kwe crack, uye inovandudza kuoma kwezvinhu.